LM22680MRE-ADJ/NOPB Step-Down Voltage Regulator Comprehensive Guide

Contents
The LM22680MRE-ADJ/NOPB is an adjustable output, high-efficiency step-down (buck) regulator from Texas Instruments. It is designed for various power management applications where a precise and stable lower voltage is needed from a higher input voltage. Below is a comprehensive guide, including key specifications, features, application circuits, and more.
Key Features:
1. Wide Input Voltage Range:
- 4.5V to 60V (supports wide input range, including 24V, 12V, and 5V input systems).
2. Adjustable Output Voltage:
- 0.8V to 15V adjustable output voltage range using an external resistor divider.
3. High Efficiency:
- Can achieve efficiencies up to 95%, depending on input and output voltage.
4. Output Current:
- Can deliver up to 5A continuous output current with appropriate heat dissipation.
5. Low Quiescent Current:
- Quiescent current of only 30µA, ensuring minimal power loss in no-load or light-load conditions.
6. Switching Frequency:
- Fixed 500kHz or adjustable (depending on design).
7. Overvoltage and Undervoltage Lockout:
- Built-in OV/UV lockout to protect against unstable operating conditions.
8. Integrated Protection Features:
- Overcurrent protection (OCP), overvoltage protection (OVP), and thermal shutdown (TSD).
9. Low Ripple:
- Low ripple and noise due to internal filtering.
10. High Switching Frequency:
- Typically 500kHz for fast response time.
11. Soft-Start:
- Soft-start circuitry for reduced inrush current during startup.
12. Thermal Shutdown and Hiccup Mode:
- Integrated thermal protection and a hiccup mode to prevent damage from excessive heat or overcurrent events.
13. External Compensation:
- External feedback compensation for optimizing stability and transient response.
Applications:
· Industrial Power Supplies: For powering field devices and control circuits with tight voltage regulation requirements.
· Automotive Power Systems: Converts high-voltage automotive battery to lower voltage for system control, infotainment, or sensor systems.
· Telecom Power: Used for providing low-voltage rails in telecom and base station applications.
· Battery-Powered Systems: Efficient conversion of battery voltage to lower levels for systems like portable devices, remote sensors, and medical devices.
· Power Management in Embedded Systems: Efficient DC-DC regulation in embedded systems with tight power and voltage constraints.
Pinout (16-pin package):
The LM22680MRE-ADJ/NOPB comes in a 16-pin TSSOP package. The following is the general pinout:
1. VIN (Pin 1): Input voltage pin (4.5V to 60V)
2. SW (Pin 2): Switching node (connected to the inductor and external power MOSFET).
3. PGND (Pin 3): Power ground (used to connect the ground of the power side of the regulator).
4. FB (Pin 4): Feedback input, used to set the output voltage by connecting a resistor divider.
5. COMP (Pin 5): Compensation pin (for external feedback compensation).
6. VOUT (Pin 6): Output voltage pin.
7. EN (Pin 7): Enable pin (high to enable, low to disable).
8. FREQ (Pin 8): Frequency adjust pin (for adjusting the switching frequency in the external configuration).
9. REF (Pin 9): Internal voltage reference, typically used for setting the feedback voltage.
10. SS (Pin 10): Soft-start pin for controlling the rise time of the output voltage.
11. PGOOD (Pin 11): Power good status output, indicating that the output voltage is within regulation limits.
12. GND (Pin 12): Ground pin for control and signal section.
13. PGND (Pin 13): Power ground pin (for the high-current section).
14. LX (Pin 14): Output inductor node.
15. VOUT (Pin 15): Main output voltage pin.
16. VSS (Pin 16): Auxiliary ground pin (typically used for low-power control).
Functional Block Diagram:
The LM22680 consists of several key functional blocks:
· High Efficiency PWM Controller: Includes the core of the step-down regulator that drives the internal power switch.
· Feedback Circuitry: Uses external resistors to set the output voltage based on the reference voltage.
· Protection Circuitry: Includes overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, and thermal protection mechanisms.
· MOSFET Driver: Drives an external MOSFET (if used), ensuring high efficiency.
Detailed Electrical Specifications:
· Input Voltage (V_in): 4.5V to 60V
· Output Voltage (V_out): 0.8V to 15V (adjustable via external resistors)
· Maximum Output Current: 5A (depending on thermal performance and ambient conditions)
· Efficiency: Up to 95% (typical)
· Operating Frequency: 500kHz (fixed) or adjustable (via external resistor/capacitor for custom applications)
· Output Ripple: Low (depending on external capacitors and inductors)
· Quiescent Current (I_Q): 30µA (typical)
· Soft Start Time: 4ms (typical)
Typical Application Circuit:
In a basic Buck Converter application, the LM22680MRE-ADJ/NOPB typically uses:
· Inductor (L): 10µH to 100µH inductor to filter the switching ripple and maintain steady output voltage.
· Input Capacitor (C_in): Typically 10µF to 100µF ceramic capacitor for input filtering.
· Output Capacitor (C_out): 47µF to 330µF ceramic or electrolytic capacitor for output smoothing.
· Resistor Divider (R1, R2): Determines the output voltage by selecting appropriate resistor values.
Example:
For a 5V output, a typical resistor divider might have:
· R1 = 100kΩ
· R2 = 33kΩ
Thermal Performance:
· Thermal Shutdown: Integrated thermal protection with automatic recovery (hiccup mode).
· Thermal Resistance: Junction to ambient thermal resistance typically around 50°C/W (depends on board design).
Protection Features:
· Overcurrent Protection: Limits output current to prevent damage to the device.
· Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO): Prevents operation when the input voltage is too low to maintain stable operation.
· Overvoltage Protection (OVP): Ensures that the output voltage does not exceed safe operating limits.
· Overtemperature Protection (OTP): Limits temperature to prevent thermal damage.
Applications:
· Industrial Power Supply: Powers equipment requiring a 5V, 12V, or 15V output from a higher voltage source.
· Automotive Power Systems: Converts high 12V or 24V automotive battery voltage to regulated lower voltage rails.
· Battery-Powered Systems: Powers low-voltage devices from a battery with high efficiency.
· Communication Equipment: Powering communication equipment requiring tightly regulated voltage rails.
Recommended Compatible Component Series
To fully utilize the LM22680MRE-ADJ/NOPB in various applications, consider the following compatible electronic components:
1. TI's TPS62150 Series - Synchronous Step-Down Converters
· Category: DC-DC converters
· Parameters: Input Voltage: 4.75V to 28V, Output Current: up to 1A
· Application Scenarios: Suitable for systems requiring additional low-noise, high-efficiency power conversion stages.
· Specific Models: TPS62150-Q1, designed for automotive and industrial environments.
2. Coilcraft XAL6060 Series - High-Current Inductors
· Category: Power Inductors
· Parameters: Inductance Range: 0.27 µH to 10 µH, Saturation Current: up to 24.2A
· Application Scenarios: Ideal for use with LM22680 in high-output current designs, providing stable operation and low ripple.
· Specific Models: XAL6060-103ME, offering 10 µH and rated for automotive environments.
3. Panasonic SEPF Series - Polymer Electrolytic Capacitors
· Category: Output Capacitors
· Parameters: Capacitance: 100 µF to 470 µF, Voltage Rating: up to 16V, Low ESR.
· Application Scenarios: Essential for maintaining low ripple in high-frequency applications where stable voltage output is critical.
· Specific Models: SEPF470M160ST, with low ESR and excellent performance in high-temperature environments.
4. Murata GRM31CR61C476KE15L - Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors
· Category: Input Capacitors
· Parameters: Capacitance: 47 µF, Voltage Rating: 16V, Temperature Coefficient: X5R
· Application Scenarios: Suitable as an input capacitor for high-frequency switching regulators.
· Specific Models: GRM31CR61C476KE15L, a compact capacitor for stabilizing input voltage.
5. Diodes Inc. B120/B140 Series - Schottky Barrier Rectifiers
· Category: Power Diodes
· Parameters: Voltage: up to 40V, Average Forward Current: 1A
· Application Scenarios: Effective for applications needing fast recovery and low forward voltage.
· Specific Models: B140-13-F, ideal for output rectification due to its low forward voltage drop and fast switching characteristics.
LM22680MRE-ADJ/NOPB In Stock: 5,101
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